Yuqing Che, Crescent Jicol, Chris Ashwin, Karin Petrini. An RCT study showing few weeks of music lessons enhance audio-visual temporal processing. Scientific Reports, 2022; 12 (1) DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23340-4
生物精神病學:認知神經科學和神經影像學編輯 Cameron Carter 醫學博士在談到這些發現時說,“使用腦波圖,這項研究提供了關於體罰對兒童心理健康產生不利影響的機制的新見解,以及可能受到影響的神經系統。”
這項工作為憂鬱症和焦慮症的神經基礎提供了新線索,並有助於對危險性較高的青年的指導干預。
參考文獻:
Kreshnik Burani, C.J. Brush, Chandler Spahr, George M. Slavich, Alexandria Meyer, Greg Hajcak. Corporal Punishment is Uniquely Associated with a Greater Neural Response to Errors and Blunted Neural Response to Rewards in Adolescence. Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, 2022; DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.09.004
越來越多的證據發現,親近大自然對心理健康有益,我們憑直覺認為,鳥鳴和鳥兒的存在有助於提升我們的情緒。然而,很少有研究在真實環境中實際調查鳥類對心理健康的影響。通過使用 Urban Mind app,我們首次展示了看到或聽到鳥類與正面情緒之間的直接聯繫。我們希望這一證據能夠證明保護和鼓勵提供環境給鳥類的重要性,不僅對生物多樣性有助益而且對我們的心理健康也能提升。”
Ryan Hammoud,主要作者,倫敦國王學院精神病學、心理學和神經科學研究所 (IoPPN) 研究助理
資深作者、倫敦國王學院 IoPPN 心理健康早期干預教授 Andrea Mechelli 說:“生態系統服務一詞通常用於描述自然環境某些方面對我們身心健康的好處。然而,它可能很難以科學方式證明這些好處。我們的研究為創造和支持棲息鳥類的生物多樣性空間提供了證據基礎,因為這與我們的心理健康密切相關。此外,研究結果支持採取措施增加人們接觸鳥類的機會,特別是那些患有憂鬱症等精神疾病的人。”
J & L Gibbons 的研究合作夥伴兼景觀設計師 Jo Gibbons 說:“誰沒有在春天的清晨聽到黎明合唱的複雜旋律?無論我們心情如何,這種多感官體驗似乎豐富了日常生活或行程。這項激動人心的研究證實了鳥鳴的景象和聲音在多大程度上提升了精神。它捕獲了有趣的證據,證實生物多樣性環境在心理健康方面具有恢復性。鳥鳴的感官刺激,這些自然日常“內涵”的一部分,彌足珍貴,歷久不衰。”
這項名為“基於智能手機的生態瞬時評估揭示了鳥類對心理健康的益處”( 'Smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment reveals mental health benefits of birdlife')的研究發表在《科學報告》上。
參考文獻:
Hammoud, R., Tognin, S., Burgess, L. et al. Smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment reveals mental health benefits of birdlife. Sci Rep12, 17589 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-20207-6
BRAIN SEROTONIN RELEASE IS REDUCED IN PATIENTS WITH DEPRESSION: A [11C]Cimbi-36 PET STUDY WITH A D-AMPHETAMINE CHALLENGE.
Author:
David Erritzoe,Beata R. Godlewska,Gaia Rizzo,Graham E. Searle,Claudio Agnorelli,Yvonne Lewis,Abhishekh H. Ashok,Alessandro Colasanti,Iro Boura,Chloe Farrell,Hollie Parfit,Oliver Howes,Jan Passchier,Roger N. Gunn,David J. Nutt,Philip J. Cowen et al.
Renae A. Merrill, Chunhua Cao, Brian A. Primack. Associations between social media use, personality structure, and development of depression. Journal of Affective Disorders Reports, 2022; 10: 100385 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100385
3. James WP. The fundamental drivers of the obesity epidemic. Obes Rev 2008; 9( Suppl 1): 6-13. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18307693/
4. Pearce M, Garcia L, Abbas A, et al. Association Between Physical Activity and Risk of Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry. 2022;79(6):550–559. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.0609
5. (JAMA) Even Low Amounts of Physical Activity Reduce Depression Risk
6. 衛生福利部-國民健康署:從「心」出發,走進安心的健康生活
7. Wen CP, Wai JP, Tsai MK, et al. Minimum amount of physical activity for reduced mortality and extended life expectancy: a prospective cohort study. Lancet. 2011;378(9798):1244-1253. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60749-6
8. The Wall Street Journal: https://www.wsj.com/articles/alzheimers-disease-cure-funding-pharmaceutical-research-foundation-judy-fund-congress-part-the-cloud-drug-11656261539
“獲得快速通關指定是我們有前途的後期 REL-1017開發計劃的一個重要里程碑,”我們的首席科學官 Paolo Manfredi 說。“這一指定進一步支持了 REL-1017作為一種轉變模式的新型 MDD 獨立治療方法的潛力,並強調了在過去幾十年中幾乎沒有變化的治療領域存在重大未滿足的醫療需求:可用的治療方法對大多數人來說仍然不足MDD 患者的數量。我們感謝 FDA 的這一指定,我們將繼續與 FDA 密切合作,盡快為患者帶來這種急需的潛在新療法。”
FDA 的快速通關指定旨在促進藥物的開發和加快審查,以治療嚴重疾病並滿足未滿足的醫療需求。要獲得資格,快速通關藥物必須顯示出優於當前療法的一些優勢,例如卓越的有效性、對嚴重結果的影響或對嚴重結果的改善效果,以及避免可用療法的嚴重副作用。快速通道指定允許與 FDA 進行更頻繁的會議,討論藥物的開發計劃和研擬臨床試驗的設計,以確保收集支持藥物批准所需的適當數據。此外,如果符合相關標準,獲得快速通關指定的藥物有資格獲得加速批准和優先審查,以及滾動審查,
Relmada 的 REL-1017後期開發計劃包括 Reliance III ,這是一項正在進行的單藥註冊 3 期試驗。此外, Reliance I 和 Reliance II 是兩項正在進行的 3 期姐妹產品雙臂研究(治療藥物VS安慰劑)、安慰劑對照、關鍵研究,評估 REL-1017作為 MDD 的潛在輔助治療。Reliance 開發計劃還包括 Reliance-OLS,這是一項長期的開放標籤安全性研究,正在招募所有三項關鍵研究的滾動參與者以及從頭參與者。
近幾年關於維生素 D 的神經類固醇和免疫學作用可能調節與憂鬱症相關的生理學不斷被發表。然而調查維生素 D 對憂鬱症影響的綜合分析結論一直不一致。
近期一項綜合分析在隨機安慰劑對照試驗 (RCT) 中調查了維生素 D 在減輕成人憂鬱症狀方面的功效。包括一般和臨床族群,以及對患有全身性疾病的病人的研究。有接受照光治療、合併補充其他營養品(鈣除外)和雙極性情感疾患被排除在外。
這項調查對數據庫 Medline、PsycINFO、CINAHL 和 Cochrane 圖書館進行了搜索,以確定 2022 年 4 月之前發表的相關英文文章。使用 Cochrane 偏倚風險工具 (RoB 2) 和 GRADE 來評估研究。四十一項隨機對照試驗(n= 53,235) 被包括在內。使用綜合 Meta 分析軟體進行基於隨機效應模型的分析。主要結果 ( n = 53,235) 的結果顯示維生素 D 對憂鬱症狀有正面效應 (Hedges' g = -0.317, 95% CI [-0.405, -0.230], p < 0.001, I 2= 88.16%;等級:非常低的確定性)。在大多數研究中,RoB 評估維生素不足的人都令人擔憂。儘管異質性很高,但維生素 D 補充劑 ≥ 2,000 IU/天似乎可以減輕憂鬱症狀。未來的研究應該調查在臨床憂鬱症中增加維生素 D 標準治療的可能益處。
參考文獻:
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David T. Field, Rebekah O. Cracknell, Jessica R. Eastwood, Peter Scarfe, Claire M. Williams, Ying Zheng, Teresa Tavassoli. High‐dose Vitamin B6 supplementation reduces anxiety and strengthens visual surround suppression. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental, 2022; DOI: 10.1002/hup.2852
Joanna Moncrieff, Ruth E. Cooper, Tom Stockmann, Simone Amendola, Michael P. Hengartner, Mark A. Horowitz. The serotonin theory of depression: a systematic umbrella review of the evidence. Molecular Psychiatry, 2022; DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01661-0
Anna-Chiara Schaub, Else Schneider, Jorge F. Vazquez-Castellanos, Nina Schweinfurth, Cedric Kettelhack, Jessica P. K. Doll, Gulnara Yamanbaeva, Laura Mählmann, Serge Brand, Christoph Beglinger, Stefan Borgwardt, Jeroen Raes, André Schmidt, Undine E. Lang. Clinical, gut microbial and neural effects of a probiotic add-on therapy in depressed patients: a randomized controlled trial. Translational Psychiatry, 2022; 12 (1) DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01977-z
Bing Zhang, Ho‐Hui Eileen Wang, Ya‐Mei Bai, Shih‐Jen Tsai, Tung‐Ping Su, Tzeng‐Ji Chen, Yen‐Po Wang, Mu‐Hong Chen. Bidirectional association between inflammatory bowel disease and depression among patients and their unaffected siblings. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2022; DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15855
Jessica Bayes, Janet Schloss, David Sibbritt. The effect of a Mediterranean diet on the symptoms of depression in young males (the “AMMEND” study): A Randomized Control Trial. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2022; DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac106
Sandra Martín-Peláez, Lluis Serra-Majem, Naomi Cano-Ibáñez, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Dolores Corella, Camille Lassale, Jose Alfredo Martínez, Ángel M. Alonso-Gómez, Julia Wärnberg, Jesús Vioque, Dora Romaguera, José López-Miranda, Ramón Estruch, Francisco J. Tinahones, José Lapetra, Fernando Fernández-Aranda, Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas, Josep A. Tur, Vicente Martín, Xavier Pintó, Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez, Pilar Matía, Josep Vidal, Clotilde Vázquez, Lidia Daimiel, Emili Ros, Estefanía Toledo, Stephanie K. Nishi, Jose V. Sorli, Mireia Malcampo, M. Ángeles Zulet, Anaí Moreno-Rodríguez, Raquel Cueto-Galán, Diego Vivancos-Aparicio, Antoni Colom, Antonio García-Ríos, Rosa Casas, M Rosa Bernal-López, Jose Manuel Santos-Lozano, Zenaida Vázquez, Carlos Gómez-Martínez, Carolina Ortega-Azorín, Jose Luís del Val, Itziar Abete, Amaia Goikoetxea-Bahon, Elena Pascual, Nerea Becerra-Tomás, Juan J. Chillarón, Almudena Sánchez-Villegas. Contribution of cardio-vascular risk factors to depressive status in the PREDIMED-PLUS Trial. A cross-sectional and a 2-year longitudinal study. PLOS ONE, 2022; 17 (4): e0265079 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265079
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